After the significant uprising in 2024, hopes were high for a positive transformation in Bangladesh’s media landscape. However, a year later, the media in Bangladesh is still facing various pressures, including political, institutional, and psychological.
In the past 12 months alone, more than 250 cases have been filed against journalists across the country. While some cases appear to target critical reporting intentionally, others stem from social media posts. Journalists who challenge authority continue to face severe repercussions.
The recent introduction of Section 173A of the Code of Criminal Procedure (CrPC), 1898, aims to protect journalists from unfair prosecution and harassment. This clause allows for the discharge of an accused if an investigating high-ranking police officer finds insufficient evidence during the probe. However, concerns remain about whether this mechanism will be applied fairly and impartially.
Tragically, the profession faced a devastating loss with the killing of journalist Asaduzzaman Tuhin while on duty. Another journalist, Anwar Hossain, was brutally attacked the day before. These incidents are part of a disturbing trend of violence and intimidation aimed at silencing the media.
The Cyber Security Ordinance (CSO), 2025, which replaced previous laws like the Digital Security Act (DSA), 2018, and the Cyber Security Act (CSA), 2023, still contains problematic provisions. Section 42 of the CSO allows the use of repressive tools that were previously employed to target journalists, raising concerns about potential misuse.
Media in Bangladesh has been stifled by a complex mix of corporate influence, editorial compromises, and political pressures. Investigative journalism, once a cornerstone of democratic accountability, has dwindled. The lack of institutional reforms since the change in government has further exacerbated the challenges faced by journalists.
Addressing the issues in journalist unions and media organizations is crucial. Internal divisions among professional associations hinder a unified stance in defending press freedom. Media ownership also poses challenges, with political affiliations often influencing the allocation of broadcast licenses.
A national framework for self-regulation, including internal codes of conduct, grievance mechanisms, and transparent complaint resolution processes, is essential. Reforms require institutional courage and political commitment to ensure a free and independent press in Bangladesh.
Time is of the essence to revitalize media freedom in Bangladesh. Delaying reforms risks eroding public trust and further silencing journalists. A free and independent press is vital for a robust democracy beyond mere electoral processes. Only through collective efforts can Bangladesh achieve a truly democratic and inclusive media environment.